Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT)

Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is a type of psychotherapy used to treat individuals who have experienced trauma, particularly those suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was developed by Dr. Patricia Resick and her colleagues in the late 1980s.

Here is a summary of Cognitive Processing Therapy:

• Purpose: CPT aims to help individuals process and make sense of traumatic experiences, as well as manage the associated emotions and beliefs that may be causing distress.

• Cognitive Focus: The therapy is based on the idea that our thoughts, beliefs, and interpretations play a crucial role in how we feel and behave. CPT addresses and challenges unhelpful thought patterns related to the trauma.

• Components:

  • Education about PTSD: Clients learn about common reactions to trauma and how PTSD manifests.
  • Learning to Recognize Cognitive Distortions: Individuals are taught to identify and challenge distorted or irrational thought patterns that contribute to distress.
  • Writing Exercises (Trauma Account): Clients are encouraged to write a detailed account of their traumatic experiences. This helps to confront and process the memories.
  • Challenging Beliefs: The therapist guides the individual in examining and challenging negative or irrational beliefs related to the trauma.
  • Skills Building: CPT may include techniques to improve coping skills, communication, and emotional regulation.

• Duration: Typically, CPT is conducted over a series of structured sessions, usually 12 sessions, though this can vary depending on individual needs and progress.

• Homework Assignments: Clients are often given assignments to complete outside of therapy sessions. These assignments may include writing exercises, practicing coping skills, or engaging in activities to reinforce learning.

• Empowerment and Coping: CPT aims to empower individuals by helping them regain a sense of control over their thoughts and emotions. It equips them with effective coping strategies.

• Effectiveness: Research has shown that CPT can be highly effective in reducing symptoms of PTSD and improving overall psychological well-being in individuals who have experienced trauma.

• Applicability: While CPT was initially designed for individuals with PTSD, it has also been used effectively for other trauma-related conditions and in a variety of settings, including with military veterans, survivors of sexual assault, and individuals who have experienced other forms of trauma.

• Collaborative Process: CPT is a collaborative therapy, meaning the therapist and client work together to explore and understand the impact of trauma and to develop coping skills and strategies.